ربات‌ها، کارخانه‌ها را تسخیر می‌کنند

رقابت سخت و دستاوردهای فراوان باعث شده تا هر ساله شاهد برگزاری نمایشگاه‌های مختلفی در بخش ربات‌های صنعتی باشیم.

در این میان iRex یکی از مهم‌ترین آنهاست. روبات‌های ویژه کار در کارخانه‌ها با چهره‌ها و توانایی‌های خاص موجب شگفتی بازدیدکنندگان از نمایشگاه بین‌المللی روباتیک در توکیو (International Robot Exhibition (iRex شدند.

امسال حدود 300 شرکت در این نمایشگاه حضور داشتند و ساخته‌های روباتیک خود را در معرض نمایش قرار دادند، در این بین جای پای موسسات قدرتمند و روبات‌های خاص آنها مانند کمپانی FANUC و Yaskawa بسیار جالب توجه بود.

A Robotic Cable Crawler

Burying power cables underground has uncluttered the streets and kept lights on through storms, but water seepage, natural disasters, and general wear and tear can still cut power. As a result, a large utility company typically employs 4,000 workers and spends up to $200 million annually to monitor and maintain tens of thousands of miles of subterranean cables. Soon, instead of sending a crew to put a cable through high-voltage stress tests every time there's a mishap, companies could deploy a robot to pinpoint the problem. Researchers at the University of Washington have invented the Robotic Cable Inspection System, or Cruiser, a four-foot-long, train-like 'bot that crawls along power cables buried in utility tunnels, sniffing out trouble spots along the way.

Cruiser coasts along on hourglass-shaped wheels, and adjustable stabilizer arms keep it upright. The segmented design snakes around curves and allows for modular expansion of the robot, making it possible to add extra sensors or battery packs without a major overhaul. Human operators can upload a basic mission plan, which the robot's circuit-board brain fine-tunes as it encounters damaged cable.

Last December, Cruiser aced its first field test, inspecting segments of cable for post-hurricane water damage in New Orleans. Several large utility companies have already expressed interest in the robot, and a commercial version could roll out as soon as 2012.

Graham Murdoch

HOW IT WORKS

1. Acoustics
   An acoustic sensor listens for electrical sparks inside the cable bundle, a sure sign of failing insulation.
   
2. Heat Sensing
   Hotspots indicate that the conductors or insulators are decaying. An infrared thermal sensor sends real-time temperature data back to the command computer.
   
3. Mobility
   Electric motors drive hourglass-shaped wheels that straddle the cable crest to help the 'bot keep its balance, and stabilizer arms prevent it from rolling over.
   
4. Vision
   The 'bot beams the view from a front-mounted video camera to the command computer, where human eyes can look out for obstructions and sharp turns that could overwhelm its programming